26 November 202117 January 2022 Step 2: Shredding, inactivation, and refining Next, the chopping phase, or stoning, inactivation, and refining. The process does not always follow this order. For example, for apples, sometimes refining is done first in a controlled environment, to limit oxidation of the product. PREVIOUS POST Step 1: Receiving, washing, and sorting NEXT POST Step 2: Shredding, inactivation, and refining